Cutting and reducing device for relief pictures



ium

May 12, 1942. D. HlLBRAND 2,233,064

CUTTING AND REDUCING DEVICE FOR RELIEF PICTURES I Filed 06x. 10, 1941 aSheets-Sheet 1- INVENTOR. fia'ud'fildr-orcd Y I ATTORNEY y 12, '1942- D.HILBRAND 2,283,064

CUTTING AND REDUCING DEVICE FOR RELIEF PICTURES Filed Oct. 10, 1941 I 3Sheets- Sheet 2 INVENTOR. al/dd lzaflralzd Jun I ATTORNEY May 12, 1942.D. HILBRAND CUTTING AND REDUCING DEVICE FOR RELIEF PICTURES sSheets-Skeet 5 Filed Oct. 10, 1941 INVENTOR. Dauad fiairdrzd PatentedMay 12, 1942 r NT OFFECE CUTTING AND REDUCING DEVICE FOR RELIEF PICTURESDavid Hilbritnd, New York, N. Y.

Application October 10, 1941, Serial No. 414,406 14 Claims. (01.sic-13.1)

- turnably mount a gear on one of the arms of the pantograph and tomount a following rod and following pointer in a certain way on and inre.- lation to said gear, to provide a cam to control the separation ofsaid pointer and rod, and a certain mechanism operated by these parts tocontrol a cutting tool.

It is proposed to mount the cutting tool on an arcuate member which ismounted on a barturnably mounted on another one of the arms of thepantograph at a similar point to the point of location of said gear onsaid pantograph arm. A transmission system is proposed from thefirstnamed gear to turn said bar in relationto the turning of thefollowing rod. A mechanism is also proposed for pivotally moving thecutting tool on the arcuate member in relation to the spacing of thefollowing rod and following pointer.

In practising the'invention it is proposed to provide a speciallyprepared picture which is to be copied in relief. It is proposed thatthis picture have guiding lines drawn or imprinted thereon in accordancewith a certain process to control the relief of the picture. Theinvention will point out a photographic method of obtaining the copyinpicture with the lines. a

For further comprehension of this invention, and of the objects andadvantages thereof, reference will be had to the following descriptionand accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which thevarious novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of this disclosure:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting and reducing device for makinga relief picture in accordance with this invention, and shown beingused.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View of a portion of Fig. 1,this View being taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken on the line 3-3of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line 4-4 ofFig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view of a portion of Fig. 1showing particularly the cutting tool and associated parts.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 11 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the vertical bar shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional the line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the arcuate member shown in Fig. 6. I

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary perspective view looking in the direction ofthe line H--H of Fig. 6.

Fig. 12 is a sectional'view taken on the line view taken on "Fig. 13 isa horizontal enlarged sectional view taken on the line l3l3 of Fig.6.

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional View taken on the line l i-M of Fig. 13.t

Fig. 15 is an elevational View of a certain screen used in the processembodying the invention.

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary enlarged detailed View of a portion of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a; sectional view taken on the line l1 |1 of Fig. '16.

Fig. 18 is an illustration showing a method of taking a a copyingpicture in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 19 is a'view similar to Fig. 15, but illustrating another. form ofthe screen.

Fig. 20 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 2020 of Fig. 19.

The cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, in accordance withthis invention, includes a pantograph 20 of the usual construction. Agear 2| is turnably mounted on one of the arms of the said pantograph20. A following rod '22 is coaxially fixedly mounted through the gear21. This rod projects above and below the gear. A following pointer 23is mounted upon the top end of the rod 22 and extends through a slot 24formed in the gear 2|. A wheel 25 is turnably mounted upon the bottom,end ofthe following rod 22 to guide the following rod upon a picturebeing copied. The following pointer 23 is flexi ble and normally seeks aposition so that its bottom end is very close to the following wheel 25.

A cam 26 is movably mounted on the following rod 22 and is adapted tocontrol the separation of the following pointer 23 and the following rod22.

The cam 26 is provided with a projecting handle 2'! by which it may beconveniently moved.

The arrangement is such that when the handle 21 is moved downwards thecam 26 separates the pointer 23 and rod 24 in direct relation to thedistance through which the cam is moved. A cable 28 is connected withthe cam 26 for communicating the position of the cam to the cutting toolof the device, as hereinafter more fully explained. One end 28 of thecable 28 is attached to the top of the following rod 22. The cable thenextends around a pulley 29 mounted on the side of the cam 26. The cable28 then extends up over a guide element 38 mounted on the top 7 of thefollowing rod 22 and extends over a guide mounted on the top end of thebar 34, and more particularly, on the pivot of the bar. An endlessmember 31 connects the gears 2i and 36 for turning the last-mentionedgear the same angular amount as the first mentioned gear isturned. Thisendless member 31 has a sprocket chain section 31 which engages aroundthe gear 36 and a sprocket chain section 37 which engages around thegear 2 I.

An arcuate member 33 is mounted on the bar 34 and has its center ofcurvature directly below the bar in the vicinity of the extremity 33 ofthe cutting tool 33. The cutting tool 33 comprises a small electricmotor 33 which is supported by several of the clamps 32 which areslidably mounted in arcuate tracks 43 formed concentric with the point33'. Each clamp 32 comprises a base section 4| which sli dably engagesin a groove 40, and a motor supporting ring 42 mounted on the basesection 4|. A cutting implement 44 is mounted on the shaft of the motor39; i

The cable 23 has its end 28 connected with the central one of the clamps32. An auxiliary cable 45 connects with this central clamp and extendsaround the bottom portion of the arcuate member and up along the outerside and connects with one end of a spring 45 which has its other end 46fastened to the arcuate member. The construction is such that when thecable 28 is pulled the spring 4-8 will stretch and the cutting tool 33will be moved to a different .arcuate position without disturbing theextreme end 33 of the cutting implement of the tool. The cuttingimplement 44 is illustrated cutting the work 48 at the area 48 Amechanism is provided for supporting the arcuate member 38 in variouselevated positions. This mechanism includes a rack 49 on one side of thearcuate member 38 and disposed within a groove 50 formed in the bar 34.The rack 49 meshes with a gear 5| on a stem 52 rotatively supported in aplate 53 fixedly mounted on the side of the bar 34. The stem 52 extendsthrough a gear 54 which is stationarily fixed on the plate 53 by severalrivets 55. A handle 56 is mounted on one end of the stem 52. 'A spring51 is carried by the handle 58 and engages the teeth of the gear 54. r

The arrangement is such that the handle-53 maybe turnedin one directionor the other to force the spring 51 over the teeth of the stationarygear 54 to turn the stem 52 so as to raise or lower the rack 49 and thusthe arcuate member 34.

The apparatus is operated in conjunction with a picture 63 which is tobe copied. This picture has certain prepared lines 6| drawn or printedthereon. One method of making a picture of this type is illustrated inFig. 18. A standard projector 62 is provided with a special screen 63having a plurality of parallel lines 64. These lines are formed bywinding a cord over a plurality of top and bottom pegs 65 mounted on aframe 66 of the screen. The projector 62 has an opening 61 in which thescreen 63 is mounted. The projector 62 is thrown upon an object 68 to bephotographed and the object 68 will have lines on it produced by thelines 64. The object 68 is photographed with a standard camera 69. Thefinished picture will look like the picture shown in Fig. 1 andindicated by reference numeral 60.

In Figs. 19 and 20, a screen 13 is shown in a frame 66*; This screen ismade of an opaque screen and is formed with vertical slots 'H to permitthe rays from the projector to form lines of rays on the object 68,which may be photographed by one or two cameras facing each other indirect alignment, each from the projector 62. With two cameras thelinesat both sides of the object may be photographed simultaneously. 1

If it is desired, more than two cameras may be used and the photographsmay be taken. at 45 or at any other suitable angle. The lines 6! mayalso be prepared by drawing the lines on the picture 60.

The device is used as illustrated in Fig. 1. The picture 60 is copied bymoving the following wheel 25 and the following pointer 23 alongparallel lines SI of the picture [6. This is done by merely holding thehandle 21.. The handle 27 must be moved downwards when the lines GIseparate, and moved upwards when they come closer together. The handle21 must be turned to maintain the wheel 25 upon the line being followedwhen this line turns. 7

All turning movements of the following rod 22 will be communicated bythe endless member 3? to correspondingly turn the bar 34. All movementsof the pointer 23 towards and away from the'following rod 22 will becommunicated by the cable 23 to correspondingly move the cutting13001.33. It is merely necessary to follow the guidinglines on thepicture 63 to produce the work" 48 which will correspond with thepicture but be in relief, depending on the guiding of the lines While Ihaveillustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention,it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the preciseconstructions herein. disclosed and the right is reserved to all changesand modifications coming, within the scope of the invention as definedin the appended claims.

Having thus described. my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mountedon saidrod and adapted to controlthe separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at the centerof said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuate member topivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam.

2. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of'the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar,'a cutting tool located at the centerof said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuate member topivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, saidfirst-named gear having a slot through which said rod and pointerextend.

3. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last men-v tioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at the centerof said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuate member topivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, saidfirst-named gear having a slot through which said rod and pointerextend, said pointer being flexible and normally maintaining a closeposition to the rod.

4. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at the centerof said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuate member topivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, saidfirst-named gear having a slot through which said rod and pointerextend, said pointer being flexible and normally maintaining a closeposition to the rod, said cam having a handle by which it may be movedalong the rod.

5. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted ,gn said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable'connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said.pantograph arm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connectingsaid gears for turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amountassaid first mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar andhaving its center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at thecenter of said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuatemember to pivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable formoving said cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, saidfirst-named gear having a slot through which said rod and pointerextend, said pointer being flexible and normally maintaining a closeposition to the rod, said cam having a handle by which it may be movedalong the rod, said cam being non-rotative on said following rod so thatthe following rod is turned when the handle is turned.

6. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless memb'er connecting saidgears for turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount assaid first mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar andhaving its center the position of the cam, said following rod be-, ingprovided with a following wheel at its bot-v tom end.

'7. A cutting and reducing device for relief pic-v .tures, comprising apantograph, 'a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted onsaid rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting saidgears, for turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount assaid first mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar andhaving its center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at thecenter of said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuatemember to pivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable formoving said cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, saidbar being mounted between a frame and the arm of the pantograph.

8. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear. mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting saidgears for turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount assaid first mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar andhaving its center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at thecenter of said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuatemember to pivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable formoving said cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, saidbar being mounted between a frame and the arm of the pantograph, saidbar being provided with top and bottom pintles. c

9. A cutting and'reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph,

a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear, a followingpointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on said rod andadaptedto control the separation of said pointer and rod, a cableconnected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam, a barturnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph at asimilar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a'gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool'located at the centerof said arcuate-member'and movably supported on said arcuate memberto'pivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, said barbeing mounted between a frame and the arm of the pantograph, said barbeing provided with top and bottom pintles, said latter-named gear beingon one of said pintles.

10. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, "comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following, pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting saidgearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at the centerof said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuate member topivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, said endlessmember having sprocket chain sections engaging the teeth of said gears.

11. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at the centerof said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuate member topivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, said cuttingtool being supported on clamps working in'arcuate slots on said arcuatemember.

12. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of. said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear onvsaid pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at thecenterof said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuatemember to pivot aboutsaid center, and means actuated by said cable formoving said cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam,comprising a spring on said arcuate member urgingsaid tool in onedirection, and said cable being connected with said tool to move it inthe other direction.

13. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through said gear,a following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted on saidrod and adapted to control the separation of said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on 'saidpantographarm, a gear mounted on said .bar, an endless member connecting saidgears for turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount assaid first mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar andhaving its center directly be low said bar, a cutting tool located atthe center of said arcuate member and movably supported on said arcuatemember to pivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable formoving said cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, andmeans for holding said arcuate member in various elevated positions.

14. A cutting and reducing device for relief pictures, comprising apantograph, a gear turnably mounted on one of the arms of saidpantograph, a following rod coaxially fixedly mounted through saidgearfa following pointer mounted on said rod, a cam movably mounted onsaid rod and adapted to control the separationof said pointer and rod, acable connected with said cam for communicating the position of the cam,a bar turnably mounted on another one of the arms of said pantograph ata similar point to the point of location of said gear on said pantographarm, a gear mounted on said bar, an endless member connecting said gearsfor turning the last mentioned gear the same angular amount as saidfirst mentioned gear, an arcuate member mounted on said bar and havingits center directly below said bar, a cutting tool located at the centerof said arcuate member and movs ably supported on said arcuate member topivot about said center, and means actuated by said cable for movingsaid cutting tool in relation to the position of said cam, and means forholding said arcuate member in various elevated positions, comprisingrack teeth on saidv arcuate member, a pinion engaging said rack teeth,and means for holding said pinion in various turned positions.

DAVID HILBRAND.

